Asylum

Asylum is a legal protection provided by the United States to individuals fleeing persecution in their home countries. It is designed for those who face threats based on race, religion, nationality, political opinion, or membership in a particular social group. Asylum offers these individuals safety and access to rights such as work authorization and a path to permanent residency. Understanding the purpose and history of the U.S. asylum system sheds light on its role in immigration policy. Learn more about why the U.S. has an asylum system and current debates surrounding it.

Who Can Apply and How

Any person physically present in the United States or at a port of entry may apply for asylum, regardless of their immigration status or how they arrived. There are two main pathways: the affirmative process, where individuals apply through U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services before removal proceedings begin, and the defensive process, where asylum seekers apply as a defense during removal proceedings in immigration court. Applicants must demonstrate a credible fear of persecution to qualify.

Rights and Benefits of Asylum

Individuals granted asylum receive protection against deportation, the ability to work legally, and access to government benefits such as medical assistance. They can also petition to bring family members to the United States. Asylum status is indefinite but can be revoked under specific conditions.

How U.S. Asylum Policy Compares Globally

The U.S. is part of an international framework providing asylum, but its policies and enforcement differ from those of other countries. To understand how American asylum policy fits within the global context, see how U.S. asylum policy compares to other countries.