Food and Nutrition Service

The Food and Nutrition Service (FNS) is a USDA agency dedicated to increasing food security and reducing hunger across America. Through 16 federal nutrition assistance programs, FNS reaches one in four Americans each year—from infants to seniors—creating a comprehensive nutrition safety net. Whether through direct food benefits, subsidized meals at schools, or nutrition education, FNS programs help eligible individuals and families access affordable, healthy food while supporting American agriculture.[1][6]

Food Assistance Benefits

The cornerstone of FNS support is the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), formerly known as food stamps, which provides electronic benefits to help low-income families purchase groceries at authorized stores.[1] If you’re comparing different government assistance programs, understanding how SNAP differs from other support options helps clarify which benefits you may qualify for. Beyond SNAP, FNS administers food distribution programs for disaster relief, elderly nutrition assistance, and commodity programs on Native American reservations, ensuring vulnerable populations have consistent access to nutrition.[2]

Child Nutrition Programs

FNS operates multiple programs specifically designed to feed children. The National School Lunch Program and School Breakfast Program provide subsidized or free meals to over 20 million students daily, while the Child and Adult Care Food Program supports meals in childcare settings and after-school programs.[1] The Summer Food Service Program ensures children don’t go hungry during school breaks, and the Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Program introduces students to fresh produce.[2]

Support for Mothers and Young Children

The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) provides targeted nutrition assistance to approximately 6.7 million pregnant women, new mothers, and children under five from low-income families.[1] Combined with nutrition education and health referrals, WIC addresses critical nutritional needs during vital developmental years. The Senior Farmers’ Market Nutrition Program similarly supports older Americans in accessing fresh, locally grown produce, strengthening both individual health and local food systems.[2]