Voter ID and Identification Requirements

Voter identification requirements help verify identity at the polls but vary widely across the U.S. Currently, 36 states require or request some form of ID when voting in person on Election Day, while 14 states do not. Of those 36 states, 24 mandate photo ID like a driver’s license or passport, and 12 accept non-photo options such as utility bills or bank statements. To distinguish these from other election rules, see our guide on voter ID laws vs. voter registration requirements.

Photo ID vs. Non-Photo ID

Photo ID states enforce strict rules, often allowing only government-issued documents with pictures. Non-photo states offer flexibility but still verify identity through signatures or other proofs. Acceptable IDs differ by state, so always confirm locally.

Recent Changes

In 2025, ten states amended their voter ID laws, including West Virginia shifting to photo ID and others expanding acceptable documents or tightening mail ballot rules. Federal proposals like the SAVE Act seek documentary proof of citizenship for registration.

Options Without ID

Many states provide alternatives: 15 allow affidavits, and 7 permit vouching by another voter. Exemptions exist for certain groups, ensuring broader access. Check your state’s election office for details.