Last updated 3 months ago. Our resources are updated regularly but please keep in mind that links, programs, policies, and contact information do change.
Understanding BMT Structure
Location, Duration, and Joint Nature
All enlisted Air Force and Space Force Basic Military Training (BMT) takes place at Joint Base San Antonio-Lackland (JBSA-Lackland) in Texas. Often called the “Gateway to the Air Force,” Lackland has served as the sole entry point for enlisted personnel since 1941.
The current program duration is 7.5 weeks, with graduation events typically held during the eighth week. While trainees are primarily Air Force recruits, Space Force Guardians train alongside them, with some service-specific elements integrated into the shared curriculum.
Mission and Purpose
The core mission of BMT is to “Motivate, Train, & Inspire the next generation of Airmen with the foundation to deliver 21st Century Airpower.” For Guardians, this extends to dominating in competition and conflict within the space domain.
BMT instills a “warrior first” mindset, focusing on discipline, teamwork, physical conditioning, and the Air Force Core Values: Integrity First, Service Before Self, and Excellence In All We Do. It provides the foundation for technical proficiency and prepares individuals for operational military life.
Military Training Instructors (MTIs)
Military Training Instructors, or MTIs, are central to the BMT experience. From the moment recruits arrive, MTIs establish authority, often through direct, loud commands designed to ensure instructions are followed without hesitation.
Their role is to enforce standards meticulously, manage the training schedule, and guide the transformation process. MTIs take their responsibility seriously; recruits should expect to be corrected, yelled at, and held accountable for mistakes as part of the learning process.
Understanding that this intense approach serves a specific training purpose – building discipline and resilience – is key to navigating interactions effectively.
Space Force Integration
While the U.S. Space Force, established in 2019, is a distinct branch organized under the Department of the Air Force, its enlisted Guardians attend the same BMT as Airmen.
The core BMT curriculum is shared, but Guardians receive an additional 21 hours of Space Force-specific instruction covering topics like emotional intelligence, Space Force structure, and military doctrine relevant to the space domain.
Space Delta 1, headquartered at Vandenberg Space Force Base with a detachment at Lackland, oversees the training continuum for Guardians, starting with these BMT-specific elements.
Weekly Breakdown
BMT follows a structured, progressive schedule:
Zero Week Initial processing, uniform/gear issue, haircuts, medical checks, basic drill/dorm standards introduction.
Weeks 1-2 Foundational knowledge (Air Force/Space Force history, core values, customs/courtesies), drill proficiency, initial PT assessments, weapons familiarization.
Weeks 3-5 Deeper dives into military subjects (first aid, leadership, ethics, Law of Armed Conflict), continued PT and drill, weapons handling/maintenance, introduction to combatives and expeditionary skills. Mask Confidence Training (Gas Chamber) occurs around Week 4.
Week 6 PACER FORGE, the culminating field exercise, testing skills under simulated deployment conditions. Final PT evaluation.
Week 7 Graduation preparation, final appointments, transition briefings for Technical Training.
Week 8 (Graduation Week) Airman’s Run, Coin Ceremony, Graduation Parade, town pass/liberty.
This phased approach ensures recruits build skills incrementally, reinforcing basics before moving to more complex tasks, culminating in practical application.
Preparing for Arrival: Setting Yourself Up for Success
Physical Readiness
Arriving physically unprepared is one of the biggest hurdles recruits face. BMT involves a demanding physical conditioning program, six days a week, alternating between strength and aerobic exercises.
Official guidance strongly emphasizes the need to “get in shape before you arrive.” Failure to meet initial fitness standards upon arrival can result in immediate processing for entry-level separation to prevent injuries.
Being physically prepared not only reduces injury risk but makes the entire BMT experience significantly easier and increases the likelihood of graduating on time.
Physical Fitness Standards
Recruits must meet specific physical standards both upon arrival and to graduate.
Initial Standards (Arrival) As of May 2015 guidance, males needed to run 1.5 miles under 18:30 and females under 21:35, OR meet body composition standards (Male: ≤39.0 inch waist / ≤20% body fat; Female: ≤35.5 inch waist / ≤28% body fat).
These initial checks ensure recruits possess a minimum fitness level necessary to safely begin the rigorous training and avoid immediate injury.
Graduation Standards (PT Test) The final Physical Fitness Assessment (PFA) typically occurs in the 6th week of training. It follows the standards outlined in Department of the Air Force Manual (DAFMAN) 36-2905, Physical Fitness Program.
Components: For BMT graduation, the test consists of three components: timed 1-minute push-ups, timed 1-minute sit-ups, and a timed 1.5-mile run.
Scoring: The 1.5-mile run is worth a maximum of 60 points, while push-ups and sit-ups are each worth a maximum of 20 points, totaling 100 possible points. Scores are calculated based on performance within five-year age brackets and gender.
Passing Requirements: To pass the PFA and graduate BMT, a recruit must achieve a composite score of 75 or greater AND meet the minimum required repetitions or time for each of the three components. Simply meeting the minimum in each category is often insufficient to reach the 75-point total.
Consequences of Failure: Failing the first attempt results in a retest opportunity, usually within the same week. A second failure may lead to transfer to a support squadron for remedial training (Get-Fit Program) or potential entry-level separation (ELS).
Recognition: Exceeding standards is encouraged, with special recognition (like Warhawk or Thunderbolt awards, potentially earning town pass privileges) given for high scores (e.g., 90+).
Table: BMT PT Graduation Minimums & Targets (Example: Age <25)
| Component | Gender | Minimum Reps/Time | BMT Target | Max Points |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.5 Mile Run | Male | 15:50 | < 11:57 | 60 |
| Female | 18:56 | < 14:26 | 60 | |
| Push-ups (1 min) | Male | 30 | > 33 | 20 |
| Female | 15 | > 18 | 20 | |
| Sit-ups (1 min) | Male | 39 | > 42 | 20 |
| Female | 35 | > 38 | 20 | |
| Overall Score | Both | Must be ≥ 75 points | Exceeding targets helps ensure ≥ 75 | 100 |
Note: Meeting minimums alone may not yield 75 points. Targets illustrate performance levels likely needed to pass.
Recommended Preparation
The Air Force provides official guidance for pre-BMT fitness preparation, including a 14-week program involving workouts 3-5 times per week. This program progressively increases the duration and intensity of:
Running: Starting with walk/jog intervals and building towards sustained running (goal: 30-40 minutes continuous).
Calisthenics: Push-up and sit-up intervals, focusing on proper form. Correct form is crucial as improperly executed repetitions won’t count during the test.
Stretching: Incorporating warm-ups and cool-downs.
Consistency is vital. Recruits should consult a doctor before starting any new fitness regimen. This preparation significantly reduces injury risk and makes the BMT PT program more manageable. The USAF Delayed Entry Program (DEP) App also offers resources for preparation.
Packing Smart: Essentials vs. Contraband
Packing correctly is crucial. Bringing prohibited items leads to confiscation, while forgetting essentials causes unnecessary hassle. Pack light, typically in a small suitcase or gym bag.
Mandatory/Recommended Items:
Documents:
- Social Security card
- Valid state driver’s license or ID
- Birth certificate (certified copy)
- Bank account information (routing/account numbers for direct deposit, ATM/Debit card)
- Original prescription documentation for any required medications
- Copies of enlistment contract and orders from MEPS
- Relevant certificates for potential advanced rank (College transcripts, JROTC/CAP certificates)
- Marriage/dependent birth certificates if applicable
- Alien Card/Naturalization Certificates if applicable
- A list of important personal contacts (full name, address, phone number)
It is critical to hand-carry these important documents securely.
Clothing:
- Wear one set of conservative civilian clothes (business casual recommended – collared shirt, slacks/nice jeans, closed-toe shoes)
- Pack 1-2 additional sets
- Avoid anything ripped, overly casual, tight, or with offensive graphics
- Several pairs of underwear (briefs/boxers for males; 6 pairs conservative style recommended for females)
- 6 sports bras (black/white/blue, no logos) for females
- 3 pairs dark blue/black spandex/compression shorts
- Socks and a belt
Toiletries:
- Travel-sized items are often preferred initially
- Deodorant (non-aerosol)
- Shampoo, conditioner
- Body wash/soap (bar soap needs a case)
- Toothbrush, toothpaste, toothbrush case, dental floss
- Shaving equipment (disposable razors encouraged, bring a 2-week supply)
- Feminine hygiene products (mandatory 2-week supply for females)
- Hair ties/pins/clips matching natural hair color
- Basic hair gel (females, for standards)
- Brush/comb
- Shower shoes (flip-flop style) are mandatory
- Conservative makeup is allowed for females, primarily for official photos
Eyewear:
- Civilian eyeglasses with a hard case and current prescription if needed
- Contact lenses are difficult to maintain in the BMT environment and can generally only be worn until military-issued glasses are provided
- Bring contact lens prescription info if applicable
- Eyeglass straps are required
Medications:
- Only bring doctor-prescribed medications in their original, pharmacy-labeled containers with the official prescription documentation
- Military doctors will review and reissue necessary medications through the base pharmacy
- Female recruits should continue prescribed birth control and bring prescription information
Money:
- A small amount of cash and/or a debit/ATM card is needed for potential travel delays and for the EZ Pay card system used for initial purchases at the Base Exchange (BX)
Optional but Recommended:
- A basic, conservative watch (black band recommended, non-smart watch)
- Personal running shoes (broken in, good condition)
- Insoles
- Stationary/stamps/envelopes/pens
- Small sewing kit
- Lint roller
- Blister care items (moleskin, bandages)
Prohibited Items:
- Weapons of any kind (knives, firearms, brass knuckles, etc.)
- Tobacco products (cigarettes, vapes, chew, lighters)
- Alcohol or alcohol-based products (mouthwash, some toiletries – check labels carefully)
- Non-prescription drugs (including vitamins, supplements, most over-the-counter meds)
- Illegal drugs or paraphernalia
- Obscene/pornographic materials
- Gambling items (dice, cards)
- External reading materials (magazines, novels – religious texts are generally allowed)
- Expensive personal items (jewelry other than a wedding band, cameras, tablets, gaming devices)
- Food, candy, or gum
- Aerosol products (hairspray, deodorant spray)
- Smart watches
- Electronic face exfoliators
Cell phones and chargers are permitted for travel and the initial arrival call, but will be secured by MTIs for the duration of training, with limited, supervised access allowed later.
Table: BMT Packing Checklist Summary
| Category | Bring These (Mandatory/Highly Recommended) | Leave These at Home (Prohibited) |
|---|---|---|
| Documents | SSN Card, State ID/License, Birth Cert, Bank Info, Prescribed Meds w/ Docs, Orders, Contact List | – |
| Clothing | 2-3 Sets Conservative Civilian Clothes, Underwear, Sports Bras (females), Compression Shorts (3 pairs), Belt | Ripped/Offensive Clothing, Revealing Attire |
| Toiletries | Deodorant, Shampoo/Conditioner, Soap/Body Wash, Toothbrush/Paste/Case, Shaving Gear (2wk supply), Feminine Hygiene (females, 2wk supply) | Aerosol Products, Alcohol-Based Products, Electronic Exfoliators |
| Eyewear | Prescription Glasses w/ Hard Case & Docs | Contact Lenses (discouraged, limited use) |
| Medications | Only Doctor-Prescribed Meds in Original Labeled Bottles w/ Prescription Docs | Over-the-Counter Meds, Vitamins, Supplements |
| Money | Small Amount Cash, Debit/ATM Card | Large Amounts of Cash |
| Electronics | Cell Phone & Charger (for travel/initial call only) | Smart Watches, Laptops, Tablets, Gaming Devices, Cameras, Other High-Value Electronics |
| Miscellaneous | Basic Watch (non-smart), Running Shoes | Weapons, Tobacco/Vapes, Lighters, Illegal Drugs, Alcohol, Pornography, Gambling Items, Magazines/Books (non-religious), Food/Candy/Gum, Expensive Jewelry |
| Provided Items | Backpack w/ initial issue (towels, lock, pens, basic toiletries, etc.) via EZ Pay Card | – |
Backpack Initiative & Optional Items: Upon arrival, recruits receive a standard-issue black backpack containing many essential items like towels, a padlock, pens, basic toiletries, laundry supplies, and more. The cost for these items is deducted from an initial pay advance via an EZ Pay card. This ensures all trainees have standardized, necessary gear from day one. Recruits can purchase additional required or optional items during scheduled visits to the Base Exchange (BX).
Mental Fortitude: Preparing Your Mind
Physical readiness is essential, but mental preparation is equally, if not more, critical for navigating BMT.
Set Realistic Expectations
Understand that BMT is designed to be challenging and stressful. Expect physical exhaustion, limited sleep, constant correction from MTIs (often involving yelling), strict adherence to rules, and a significant loss of personal autonomy.
Knowing this beforehand helps mitigate the shock and allows recruits to mentally frame the experience as a temporary, purposeful challenge rather than a personal attack.
Embrace the Military Mindset
BMT fundamentally aims to instill military discipline, teamwork, and the Air Force/Space Force Core Values. Recruits can ease this transition by starting before arrival:
- Learn the Core Values (Integrity First, Service Before Self, Excellence In All We Do) and the Airman’s/Guardian’s Creed
- Familiarize yourself with basic military rank structure, customs, and terminology
- Develop an appreciation for rules and order
- Understand that true discipline is an internal commitment, not just external compliance
This proactive mental alignment reduces the initial cognitive load and psychological friction, allowing recruits to adapt faster.
Manage Pre-BMT Nerves
Feeling anxious before BMT is entirely normal. Channel this energy productively:
- Use physical preparation, packing correctly, and gaining knowledge about BMT to build confidence
- Practice stress-management techniques like deep breathing, positive self-talk, visualizing success, or practicing gratitude
- Connect with fellow DEP members or utilize recruiter resources if available
- Make a firm commitment to yourself before leaving home that quitting is not an option
This pre-established “Don’t Quit” mentality provides a powerful anchor during moments of intense difficulty.
Inside BMT: The Day-to-Day Transformation
Arrival and Zero Week: The First 72 Hours
The BMT journey begins when recruits arrive at the San Antonio International Airport. They are met by an MTI from the BMT Reception Center, transported by bus to JBSA-Lackland, and immediately begin processing.
This initial period, known as “Zero Week,” is a whirlwind of activity designed to rapidly integrate recruits into the military system. Activities include:
- Extensive in-processing paperwork
- Medical and dental screenings
- Immunizations
- Initial uniform and equipment issue (including the pre-packed backpack)
- Haircuts (short for males, females must meet standards)
- Briefings on rules and expectations (including the Uniform Code of Military Justice – UCMJ)
- Dorm and drill basics instruction
- Setting up pay via direct deposit
- The first phone call home to notify family of safe arrival
- Initial PT assessment to gauge fitness levels
This intense, often overwhelming, start serves to quickly establish MTI authority, strip away civilian habits, and immerse recruits fully into the controlled BMT environment, accelerating the adaptation process.
Life in the Dorms: Structure and Routine
Recruits live in dormitory buildings, typically sharing a large open bay or smaller rooms with bunkmates, housing multiple flights within the same Training Squadron (TRS).
Life is communal, demanding respect for shared space and adherence to strict standards of cleanliness and organization. Dorm areas and personal equipment layouts are subject to frequent inspections, requiring meticulous attention to detail.
The daily schedule is highly regimented, leaving little room for personal deviation and reinforcing discipline through routine.
Table: A Typical Day in BMT
| Time | Activity | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| 0445 | Reveille (Wake-up) | |
| 0500 | Formation / Physical Conditioning (PT) | Alternating run/strength days, 6 days/week |
| 0600 | Breakfast | Short time window (approx. 10-15 mins) |
| 0630 – 0745 | Dorm Setup / Maintenance / Personal Hygiene | Preparing living area & self for the day |
| 0800 – 1130 | Morning Training Block | Classroom instruction, drill practice, appointments, etc. |
| 1130 – 1230 | Lunch | |
| 1300 – 1700 | Afternoon Training Block | Primarily classroom instruction, practical exercises |
| 1700 – 1800 | Dinner | |
| 1900 – 2045 | Evening Duties / Personal Time / Study | Dorm prep for night, gear prep, study, limited personal time |
| 2100 | Taps (Lights Out) |
This demanding schedule forces recruits to develop time management skills, efficiency, and immediate compliance with instructions, embedding habits essential for military life.
Mastering the Fundamentals: Core Training Areas
Throughout the 7.5 weeks, recruits engage in several core training areas:
Physical Training (PT) PT is a daily requirement (6 days/week) focused on building strength and endurance through alternating workouts:
- Strength days involve calisthenics like push-ups, sit-ups, flutter kicks, leg lifts, glute bridges, mountain climbers, and squats
- Run days typically include warm-ups, potentially some sprints or interval work, a sustained run (often self-paced within ability groups), and cool-downs
- Motivational formation runs are also part of the program
The goal is not just to pass the final test, but to embrace fitness as a lifestyle and exceed the standards.
Drill and Ceremonies Marching (drill) is taught “early and often.” It is a fundamental tool for instilling discipline, teamwork, attention to detail, and immediate response to commands.
Training covers:
- Individual movements (like attention, saluting, facing movements)
- Flight (group) formations and marching
- Ceremonial procedures
Progress is evaluated through inspections and drill checks.
Classroom Learning Recruits spend significant time in academic instruction covering topics essential for military service:
- Air Force/Space Force history, organization, and Core Values
- Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ)
- Military customs and courtesies
- Human relations and cultural sensitivity
- Financial readiness and entitlements
- Educational benefits
- Suicide awareness and prevention
- Sexual Assault Prevention and Response (SAPR)
- Basic first aid (Self-Aid Buddy Care)
- Law of Armed Conflict
- Code of Conduct
- Cyber awareness
- Public relations
- Leadership and followership
- Combat readiness topics
Effective note-taking and study habits are crucial for passing written examinations administered during training.
Weapons Familiarization and Handling (M4 Trainer) A significant update to BMT involves the reintroduction of carrying non-functional M4 trainer rifles:
- Recruits are issued these inert weapons (identifiable by red flash suppressors) after initial familiarization training during Week 1
- They carry them throughout the remainder of BMT, with few exceptions (like medical appointments or when in service dress uniform)
- Rifles are stored securely in dorm wall lockers when not carried
- Training focuses on safe handling procedures, nomenclature, field stripping, cleaning, maintenance, and developing a sense of responsibility for the weapon
This constant handling aims to build confidence, muscle memory, and reinforce the “combat-ready mindset” from day one. This renewed focus on basic weapon familiarity aligns with the broader Air Force shift towards developing multi-capable Airmen prepared for diverse operational environments.
Prior to PACER FORGE, recruits undergo Combat Arms Training and Maintenance (CATM), which includes classroom instruction and qualification firing with live M4 carbines on a range.
PACER FORGE: The Culminating Field Exercise Replacing the former BEAST week, PACER FORGE (Primary Agile Combat Employment Range, Forward Operations Readiness Generation Exercise) occurs during the sixth week of training.
It’s an intensive, scenario-based field exercise lasting approximately 36-57 hours, conducted at a dedicated training area (JBSA-Chapman Annex). Designed to mirror the Air Force’s force generation process for Agile Combat Employment (ACE), PACER FORGE tests recruits’ ability to apply skills learned throughout BMT in a simulated deployed environment.
Trainees operate in small, dispersed teams, living in field conditions (tents), wearing protective gear, and responding to various simulated threats and challenges (e.g., attacks, chemical threats, base defense scenarios, casualty care).
It emphasizes teamwork, leadership, critical thinking, communication, and resilience under pressure. Because skills like CATM, CBRN defense (including mask confidence/gas chamber), and Tactical Combat Casualty Care (TCCC) are now taught before PACER FORGE, the exercise focuses heavily on trainee-led execution of mission scenarios.
This capstone event directly prepares recruits for the realities of modern expeditionary operations and the multi-capable Airman/Guardian concept central to current defense strategy.
Overcoming Obstacles: Thriving Under Pressure
BMT is intentionally designed with stressors and challenges. Successfully navigating these requires resilience, adaptability, and utilizing available support systems.
Understanding Common Challenges
Recruits commonly face several hurdles:
Adjusting to Military Discipline & MTIs The abrupt shift from civilian freedom to a highly regulated environment governed by strict rules and constant correction from authoritative MTIs can be jarring. Learning to listen intently, follow instructions precisely and immediately, and accept criticism without defensiveness is a major adjustment.
Managing Stress The combination of intense physical demands, sleep deprivation (often mild but cumulative), academic pressure, loss of personal control, and the high-stakes environment creates significant stress. Feelings of anxiety, being overwhelmed, or temporary emotional reactions are common.
Physical Exertion & Fatigue The daily grind of PT, marching, and long training hours inevitably leads to physical fatigue. For those arriving unprepared, the risk of overuse injuries like stress fractures or strains is higher.
Homesickness Missing family, friends, and the familiarity of home is a near-universal experience, especially during the initial weeks when contact is minimal. This feeling of isolation can be intense.
Teamwork Dynamics Living and working 24/7 with a diverse group of strangers under stressful conditions presents interpersonal challenges. Differences in background, personality, and performance can create friction. Success requires learning to cooperate, communicate effectively, and rely on others.
It is crucial to understand that these challenges are largely by design. BMT employs stress inoculation – controlled exposure to stressors – to build mental toughness, identify coping mechanisms, and assess a recruit’s ability to function under pressure, a vital attribute for military service.
Building Resilience: Your Toolkit for Success
Developing resilience is key to overcoming BMT’s obstacles. Recruits can utilize several strategies:
Physical Strategies
- Prioritize the basics: stay hydrated (a BMT requirement), eat nutritious meals provided, and maximize sleep opportunities, however limited
- Use correct form during PT to prevent injuries
- Ensure running shoes fit well
- Report any injuries or medical concerns promptly to MTIs or medical staff
Mental Toughness
- Cultivate a positive mental attitude – look for the good, practice gratitude, find internal humor even in difficult situations
- Focus intently on the task at hand, avoiding worry about past mistakes or future challenges
- Do not take MTI corrections or yelling personally; it is a training tool, not a personal attack
- Utilize stress control techniques taught in BMT, such as tactical breathing (slow, controlled breaths), progressive muscle relaxation, and positive visualization
- Practice positive self-talk and mindfulness to manage overwhelming moments
- Remember that BMT is a temporary phase with a clear end goal: graduation
- Hold onto the “Don’t Quit” mentality established before arrival
The Power of Teamwork: The Wingman Concept The Air Force formalizes peer support through the Wingman Concept. Recruits are paired up (often bunkmates) and are responsible for looking out for each other’s well-being, safety, and adherence to standards.
This fosters teamwork, provides immediate support for coping and adaptation, and reinforces accountability. Embrace the team mentality (“us,” “we”) over individual focus (“me,” “I”). Practice clear communication and active listening within the flight.
Be selfless, coachable, and willing to help others. Rely on wingmen during tough times and offer support in return. Mastering teamwork is essential for BMT success and military life.
The formalization of the Wingman Concept highlights its importance not just as a tradition, but as a structured mechanism to enhance trainee welfare, safety, and resilience in the demanding BMT environment.
Mastering Military Life
- Diligently learn and practice military customs and courtesies – proper saluting, reporting procedures, addressing personnel by rank, standing at attention or parade rest when required
- Pay meticulous attention to MTI instructions and follow them precisely and immediately
- Learn and use correct military terminology and the 24-hour clock (military time)
- Maintain military bearing at all times – project professionalism and control emotional reactions, especially when being corrected (avoiding smirking, arguing, or appearing defiant)
- Understand the chain of command structure
Mastering these details builds the habits of discipline, respect for authority, and operational predictability that are foundational to military order.
Graduation and Your Next Step
Successfully completing BMT culminates in a series of events celebrating the transformation into Airmen and Guardians, followed by an immediate transition to the next phase of training.
Celebrating Achievement: Graduation Week
BMT graduation is a two-day event, typically held on the Wednesday and Thursday of the final training week (Week 8), with graduates participating in ceremonies on both days.
Table: Graduation Week Key Events (Typical Schedule)
| Day | Event | Time | Location | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wednesday | Airman’s Run | Morning (~7 AM) | Pfingston Rec Center Area | Motivational run with MTIs |
| Wednesday | Coin Ceremony & Retreat | Afternoon | Pfingston Rec Center | Formal presentation of Airman’s Coin |
| Thursday | Graduation Parade | Morning (~9 AM) | Parade Field | Formal military parade |
| Wed/Thu | Base Liberty / Town Pass | After events | JBSA-Lackland / San Antonio | Time with family/friends |
(Note: Specific timings can vary; check official BMT graduation resources for the most current schedule.)
Information for Visiting Family and Friends
Families and friends are encouraged to attend graduation events to celebrate their recruit’s accomplishment. Important considerations for visitors include:
Base Access Entry to JBSA-Lackland requires proper identification. Visitors with a valid Department of Defense (DoD) ID card (like a Common Access Card or retiree ID) generally have access.
All other guests aged 18 and over must be pre-approved via a JBSANANTONIO Form 7, Unescorted Access Request, submitted by the recruit prior to BMT. A background check is conducted. Ensure names on the access list match government-issued IDs exactly.
Starting May 7, 2025, visitors needing base access will require a REAL ID compliant license or ID. Check the official JBSA website for current gate hours and Visitor Control Center (VCC) information.
Attire and Comfort Dress is typically casual and comfortable for graduation events. Expect significant walking and standing, potentially in warm weather, so comfortable shoes are highly recommended. Seating is often on bleachers.
Base Regulations Visitors must adhere to all base rules, including speed limits (especially 10 mph when passing marching flights), prohibitions on cell phone use while driving, parking regulations, and designated smoking areas. All traffic must stop during the playing of Retreat (typically 5 PM). Firearms policies are strict; it’s generally best to leave personal firearms secured off-base.
Trainee Conduct Even during graduation week and liberty periods, new Airmen/Guardians remain under military regulations. They must wear their uniform correctly at all times, cannot consume alcohol or use tobacco products, cannot drive vehicles, and must avoid inappropriate public displays of affection (brief hugs/kisses are acceptable). Visitors should help their Airman adhere to these rules.
Support Services American Sign Language (ASL) interpretation can be requested in advance for graduation ceremonies.
Base Liberty and Town Pass
Following the Wednesday and Thursday events, graduates are typically granted Base Liberty (on-base freedom) and Town Pass (off-base freedom within designated areas of San Antonio) to spend time with visiting family and friends. Specific timings, rules, and boundaries for these privileges are briefed during graduation week.
This structured liberty provides a valued opportunity for reconnection before the next phase of training begins. Graduation week serves as both a formal recognition of the recruits’ hard work and transformation, and a carefully managed transition point, reinforcing their new military identity before they move forward.
Moving On: Transition to Technical Training (Tech School)
The BMT journey concludes swiftly. Graduates typically depart JBSA-Lackland for their assigned Technical Training (Tech School) location on the Friday immediately following the Thursday graduation parade.
Tech School is where new Airmen and Guardians learn the specific technical skills required for their assigned Air Force Specialty Code (AFSC) or Space Force Specialty Code (SFSC).
Training locations are spread across various bases depending on the career field, such as Sheppard AFB, Texas; Keesler AFB, Mississippi; Goodfellow AFB, Texas; or Vandenberg SFB, California, among others.
Upon arrival at Tech School, Airmen are assigned to new Military Training Leaders (MTLs) and undergo base in-processing. While the environment is generally less restrictive than BMT, it remains a structured military training setting.
Most Tech Schools utilize a Phase Program (often called Initial Transition Period – ITP and Advanced Transition Period – ATP, or simply Phases I, II, III). This system gradually grants increased privileges – such as wearing civilian clothes after duty hours, having later curfews, or gaining off-base privileges – based on the Airman’s time in training, satisfactory academic progress, successful room and uniform inspections, and demonstrated adherence to military standards.
This phased approach reinforces the principles learned in BMT, emphasizing that responsibility and freedom are earned through consistent performance and discipline, ensuring a continued focus on development during technical skills acquisition. Student leadership positions, often denoted by colored ropes worn on the uniform (“ropes”), also offer opportunities for growth.
Final Thoughts: You’ve Got This!
Air Force and Space Force Basic Military Training is undeniably one of the most challenging experiences a new recruit will face. It is designed to test limits, build resilience, and forge individuals into cohesive members of the world’s most advanced air and space forces. However, it is also fundamentally designed for success. Thousands of Airmen and Guardians graduate every year, proving that with the right preparation, mindset, and effort, BMT is achievable.
Success hinges on arriving physically and mentally prepared, embracing the demanding routine, focusing on the task at hand, and internalizing the core values of service. Leverage the power of teamwork – rely on your wingmen and be a reliable wingman in return. Listen intently to your MTIs; their instructions are crucial for safety and success. Utilize the resources available, whether it’s seeking guidance from an MTI, leaning on a wingman, or utilizing support services like the base chaplaincy if needed.
The journey through BMT is rigorous, but the pride and sense of accomplishment that come with earning the title of United States Airman or Guardian are immense. Prepare diligently, stay focused, support your team, maintain a positive attitude, and remember why you chose to serve.
Official Resources for Your Journey
For the most current and detailed information, consult these official resources:
Official BMT Information:
- Air Force BMT Main Page
- Air Force BMT Overview (Recruiting)
- BMT Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
- BMT Graduation Information
- BMT Packing List (Official PDF – Check for latest version)
- BMT Fitness Prep Guide (Official PDF)
Air Force Recruiting:
- Main Recruiting Site
- Find an Air Force Recruiter
- Air Force Recruiting Service Fact Sheet
- Official U.S. Air Force Website
Space Force Recruiting:
- Main Recruiting Site
- Space Force Training Overview
- How to Join (Enlisted Guardians)
- Official U.S. Space Force Website
Fitness Information:
General Military/Support Resources:
- Military OneSource (Basic Training Guide)
- Joint Base San Antonio (JBSA)
- USA.gov (Military Information)
- USA.gov (U.S. Air Force)
Our articles make government information more accessible. Please consult a qualified professional for financial, legal, or health advice specific to your circumstances.
